CBSE Revision Notes

Microbes in Human Welfare Class 12 Notes: Chapter 10

Microbes, also called as the microorganisms are the major components of biological systems on the earth. They are present everywhere, around us, in the soil, water, air, and both in and on our body. They are also found in other animals and plants. These organisms are so minute and vary in their size and shapes and cannot be seen by naked eyes. They can only be seen through the microscope. Please refer Microbes in Human Welfare Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production Class 12 Notes: Chapter 9

Food is the substance which provides all necessary nutrients in order to meet the body nutritional requirements for proper functioning of our body cells. The food which we all consume contains the required amount of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and fats.

Food production is the process mainly involved in the growing, harvesting, processing, packaging, transporting, marketing, consumption, and disposal of food products. With the increase in the population, the development of food production becomes the primary issue. Please refer Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Human Health and Disease Class 12 Notes: Chapter 8

In simple terms, Health can be defined as free from all diseases and infections. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), health is not only the absence of disease or illness. It is a state of an active and energetic condition including the physical, mental, and social well being. A balanced diet and regular exercise play an important role in maintaining a good health of an individual. A disease is an abnormal condition affecting a healthy living organism. It is broadly divided into infectious and non-infectious. Please refer Human Health and Disease Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Evolution Class 12 Notes: Chapter 7

Evolution is the study of the different forms of life, its characteristics and the changes over several generations. It is the scientific theory used by biologists to study the genetic variation in a population.

There are many theories about how life originated on the planet earth. The theory of evolution is based on the idea that all species are correlated and progressively varies with time. Please refer Evolution Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Molecular Basis of Inheritance Class 12 Notes: Chapter 6

DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid is considered as the molecule of inheritance as it carries genetic information in all living organisms. It is a long polymer chain of deoxyribonucleotides. Its length depends on the number of nucleotide base pair present in it. Please refer Molecular Basis of Inheritance Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Principles of Inheritance and Variation Class 12 Notes: Chapter 5

Heredity is a process of transferring traits from parents to their offspring’s either through the asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. These traits are present on the chromosomes in the form of genes and these genes are the characters which may be similar to one of its two parents.

Gregor Johann Mendel- who is known as the Father of Genetics was the first scientist to conduct experiments on Heredity, Inheritance and Variations. Please refer Principles of Inheritance and Variation Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Reproductive Health Class 12 Notes: Chapter 4

Reproductive Health is generally defined as healthy, well-being and proper functioning of reproductive organs in all aspects of reproduction. India was the first country in the world to initiate action plans and programmes called family planning to attain total reproductive health as a social goal. It was introduced at a national level in the year 1951 to create awareness among people about various reproduction related aspects and by providing facilities and support for building up a reproductively healthy society. Please refer Reproductive Health Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Human Reproduction Class 12 Notes: Chapter 3

Reproduction is the process of giving birth to their young ones which are identical to their parents. As we all are aware of, the process of reproduction in humans is sexual reproduction, which involves internal fertilization by sexual intercourse. Please refer Human Reproduction Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Class 12 Notes: Chapter 2

Reproduction in plants involves both sexually and asexually. But the majority of the flowering plants reproduce sexually and flower plays an important role in the process of sexual reproduction. Hence, the flower is also called as the reproductive part of a plant. The complete flower typically consists of:

• Sepals
• Pedicel
• Calyx
• Petals
• Stamen- the male reproductive part which consists of anther and filament.
• Pistil – the female reproductive part which comprises of three parts- stigma, style, and ovary.
• Please refer Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.

Reproduction in Organisms Class 12 Notes: Chapter 1

Reproduction is a biological process of producing their young ones, which are identical to their parents. This process plays an important role in the continuity of the species, generation after generations. Reproduction is usually carried out by all living organisms from a single celled amoeba to the multicellular organisms. There are two modes of reproduction and are classified mainly based on the participation of one or both the parents. Please refer Reproduction in Organisms Class 12 Notes for more revision notes.